Сиволапов В.А.   Благодарова Т.А.  

The best russian alder groves and their propagation

Докладчик: Сиволапов В.А.

Black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.)Gaertn.) grows on overmoist soils in D4-5 conditions, where any other woody species can’t grow. Under proper technology of stand establishment alder groves show high taxation and ecological indices.
Production of energy from biomass is the trend of high priority now. In this connection the role of black alder as a source of bioenergetic raw material in short rotation forest management and of pulp in special plantations increases.
In Russia black alder groves are widely propagated in Bryansk and Kaliningrad regions but the most productive ones are in Khopjor reserve, Voronezh region. These tree stands are isolated in a gene reserve (1118 ha) on the territory of 12 wood compartments. A large area is occupied by tree stands of IX-X age-class, with density 0.7 (12%); 0.8(39%) and 0.9 (26%). Average stock volume of all black alder stands is 408 m3/ha. Black alder has the highest quality of locality of all the species of the reserve – 1.3 with annual increment – 5.5 m3/ha. Black alder volume from all tree stand volume of the reserve is over 25%. It shows high productivity of this species.
In 1972 seven permanent sample areas were established in the reserve. In one of the best samples alder stands at the age of 58 have mean height - 32 m, mean diameter - 35 cm. Their volume is 609 m3/ha with density 1.07. Viability of 30% of the trees is good.
Dynamix of alder productivity and state for 40 years of study (1972-2010) in the permanent sample areas showed that its maximum increment is at the age of 40-45. At the age of 50-90 it decreases.
In the reserve seed and vegetative (coppice) regeneration was used. The data of the sampling area #6 in wood compartment 118 showed that 50% of the trees were of seed origin.
One of the promising and modern methods of establishment of highly productive black alder plantation stands is microclonal in vitro propagation. Advantages of this method are: quickness, exclusion of virus diseases, necessity in few number of initial explants and limited areas, possibility for all-the-year-round production of planting material, its long survival with minimum volumes of refrigerator chambers, production of a great number of planting material a year.
In Novaya Usman’s forest division, Voronezh region, experimental plot of black alder regenerators was established. The experience of alder propagation by in vitro culture allows to preserve genetic nature of initial forms and that is important during propagation of valuable material.
Mean height of these black alder stands is 5.6±0.69 m; mean diameter – 5.4±0.73 cm at the age of 8.
The experience of establishment of alder stands by in vitro regenerators received in Central Chernozem Region of Russia, showed possibility of preservation of valuable gene pool of forest woody plants and astablishment of highly productive plantation stands.
Rooting ability of green cuttings of shoots of the current year from black alder 2-year-old seedlings, treated by succinic acid, was 100%, mean height – 16 cm. In the control survival rate was 86%, mean height – 12 cm. There were established progeny trials out of 2-year-old cuttings of the transplants.

 

Файл тезисов: Сиволапов_Благодарова.doc


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