Strelkovskiy A.A.
Natural factor in the adaptation and transformation of the economies of the Neolithic cultures of the South-East Baltic
Abstract: The article discusses the results of a geocultural study of the role natural factor in the formation of a certain economic type of population in the region and the cultural landscape of the Southeast Baltic in the Neolithic. It is shown that natural the factor was dominant in the process of formation of the cultural landscape. The anthropogenic change in the environment was minimal and was expressed in impact only on certain components of the natural landscape.It is difficult to trace the impact on vegetation earlier than the late Late Neolithic era, when floodplain agriculture (not universally) is fixed on the farm in secondary roles. Also, in this article, on the basis of archaeological material of the results and palynological studies (conducted by pre-war German and Soviet experts), the assumption is made that there is a specific form of gathering in the early Neolithic region with some producing features.The analysis of the organization and structure of the local cultural landscape formed in prehistoric times allows us to identify patterns in the formation of geographical space and economic type.It was expressed in the phenomenon of complex adaptation, which allowed the local population to build their economy on the forms of an appropriating economy, and to give secondary importance to agriculture and cattle breeding.
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